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服务器Load高简单排查

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服务器Load飙高排查方法

线上碰到CPU利用率高或者Load高的时候，排查的顺序。

  1. 拿到进程PID：ps -ef | grep java 或者 jps
  2. dump应用栈信息：jstack PID > PID.stack
  3. top查看导致高CPU的进程: top 后键入 x 默认按照CPU使用率排序进程，键入c可看到commond
  4. 查看导致高CPU利用率的线程信息：top -Hp PID
  5. 查看CPU利用率高线程的栈信息，stack文件中线程号为16进制，需要top出来的线程号进行转换：printf ‘%x\n’ ThreadPID 大神有整理出脚本来简化以上操作步骤，可以直接揪出指定进程中CPU使用率较高的java线程，详情移步：查找繁忙的java线程

两个常用命令：
dump内存：jmap -dump:format=b,file=/home/admin/PID.bin PID

一般dump出的文件比较大，建议压缩后传输gzip fileName

远程拷贝参考scp

结尾附上查找繁忙的java线程脚本源码，用于快速排查Java的CPU性能问题(top us值过高)，自动查出运行的Java进程中消耗CPU多的线程，并打印出其线程栈，从而确定导致性能问题的方法调用。

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show-busy-java-threads.sh
# 从 所有的 Java进程中找出最消耗CPU的线程（缺省5个），打印出其线程栈。

show-busy-java-threads.sh -c <要显示的线程栈数>

show-busy-java-threads.sh -c <要显示的线程栈数> -p <指定的Java Process>

##############################
# 注意：
##############################
# 如果Java进程的用户 与 执行脚本的当前用户 不同，则jstack不了这个Java进程。
# 为了能切换到Java进程的用户，需要加sudo来执行，即可以解决：
sudo show-busy-java-threads.sh
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#!/bin/bash
# @Function
# Find out the highest cpu consumed threads of java, and print the stack of these threads.
#
# @Usage
#   $ ./show-busy-java-threads.sh
#
# @author Jerry Lee

readonly PROG=`basename $0`
readonly -a COMMAND_LINE=("$0" "$@")

usage() {
    cat <<EOF
Usage: ${PROG} [OPTION]...
Find out the highest cpu consumed threads of java, and print the stack of these threads.
Example: ${PROG} -c 10
Options:
    -p, --pid       find out the highest cpu consumed threads from the specifed java process,
                    default from all java process.
    -c, --count     set the thread count to show, default is 5
    -h, --help      display this help and exit
EOF
    exit $1
}

readonly ARGS=`getopt -n "$PROG" -a -o c:p:h -l count:,pid:,help -- "$@"`
[ $? -ne 0 ] && usage 1
eval set -- "${ARGS}"

while true; do
    case "$1" in
    -c|--count)
        count="$2"
        shift 2
        ;;
    -p|--pid)
        pid="$2"
        shift 2
        ;;
    -h|--help)
        usage
        ;;
    --)
        shift
        break
        ;;
    esac
done
count=${count:-5}

redEcho() {
    [ -c /dev/stdout ] && {
        # if stdout is console, turn on color output.
        echo -ne "\033[1;31m"
        echo -n "$@"
        echo -e "\033[0m"
    } || echo "$@"
}

yellowEcho() {
    [ -c /dev/stdout ] && {
        # if stdout is console, turn on color output.
        echo -ne "\033[1;33m"
        echo -n "$@"
        echo -e "\033[0m"
    } || echo "$@"
}

blueEcho() {
    [ -c /dev/stdout ] && {
        # if stdout is console, turn on color output.
        echo -ne "\033[1;36m"
        echo -n "$@"
        echo -e "\033[0m"
    } || echo "$@"
}

# Check the existence of jstack command!
if ! which jstack &> /dev/null; then
    [ -z "$JAVA_HOME" ] && {
        redEcho "Error: jstack not found on PATH!"
        exit 1
    }
    ! [ -f "$JAVA_HOME/bin/jstack" ] && {
        redEcho "Error: jstack not found on PATH and $JAVA_HOME/bin/jstack file does NOT exists!"
        exit 1
    }
    ! [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/bin/jstack" ] && {
        redEcho "Error: jstack not found on PATH and $JAVA_HOME/bin/jstack is NOT executalbe!"
        exit 1
    }
    export PATH="$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH"
fi

readonly uuid=`date +%s`_${RANDOM}_$$

cleanupWhenExit() {
    rm /tmp/${uuid}_* &> /dev/null
}
trap "cleanupWhenExit" EXIT

printStackOfThreads() {
    local line
    local count=1
    while IFS=" " read -a line ; do
        local pid=${line[0]}
        local threadId=${line[1]}
        local threadId0x="0x`printf %x ${threadId}`"
        local user=${line[2]}
        local pcpu=${line[4]}

        local jstackFile=/tmp/${uuid}_${pid}

        [ ! -f "${jstackFile}" ] && {
            {
                if [ "${user}" == "${USER}" ]; then
                    jstack ${pid} > ${jstackFile}
                else
                    if [ $UID == 0 ]; then
                        sudo -u ${user} jstack ${pid} > ${jstackFile}
                    else
                        redEcho "[$((count++))] Fail to jstack Busy(${pcpu}%) thread(${threadId}/${threadId0x}) stack of java process(${pid}) under user(${user})."
                        redEcho "User of java process($user) is not current user($USER), need sudo to run again:"
                        yellowEcho "    sudo ${COMMAND_LINE[@]}"
                        echo
                        continue
                    fi
                fi
            } || {
                redEcho "[$((count++))] Fail to jstack Busy(${pcpu}%) thread(${threadId}/${threadId0x}) stack of java process(${pid}) under user(${user})."
                echo
                rm ${jstackFile}
                continue
            }
        }
        blueEcho "[$((count++))] Busy(${pcpu}%) thread(${threadId}/${threadId0x}) stack of java process(${pid}) under user(${user}):"
        sed "/nid=${threadId0x} /,/^$/p" -n ${jstackFile}
    done
}


ps -Leo pid,lwp,user,comm,pcpu --no-headers | {
    [ -z "${pid}" ] &&
    awk '$4=="java"{print $0}' ||
    awk -v "pid=${pid}" '$1==pid,$4=="java"{print $0}'
} | sort -k5 -r -n | head --lines "${count}" | printStackOfThreads

小生不才，以上如有描述有误的地方还望各位不吝赐教 !^_^！